Your Splendor

This blog is about personal well being and health. The author is not a medical expert and the discussions are intended to fill the gaps often left uncovered. They are based on personal experience and research. It is hoped that readers will contribute their own personal experiences. The discussions range from supplement and vitamin information, to stress and weight management. There will be beauty tips and advice on how to maintain a beautiful skin, makeup application, hair and nails care.

Sunday, May 6, 2012

Summer Skin Care

"I wanna soak up the sun". May is skin cancer awareness month. Those hot days of summer are nearly upon us. We look forward to vacations at the beach, swimming, sailing and being outdoors after being couped up inside during those cold winter months. Unfortunately the sun can damage our skins.Today's health and beauty buzz is on the detrimental consequences of UV damage.

Gone are those days when I used to lie on a tin roof with school friends anointed in baby oil, baking in the hot African sun. I cringe to think of the damage we were doing to our skins, but I did it despite my mother's warnings!

UV rays are linked to 90% of skin cancers. Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the US. It is also the most preventable. 1 million cases are diagnosed annually. UV rays are responsible for 65% of melanomas. Melanoma is the 2nd most common cancer in women ages 20 to 29 and is the deadliest form of skin cancer. One person in the US dies from melanoma every hour according to the skin cancer foundation.

Early detection is essential with a 99% chance of beating the cancer if detected and treated early.

What to do to help prevent skin cancer:-

Use a broad spectrum sun screen of at least SPF 30 every single day.
Do not rely on your foundation having a sun screen. You need additional protection.
Put on sun screen 30 minutes prior to going out and reapply every 2 to 3 hours.
Use UPF infused protective clothing if outside for long periods.
Wear a hat.
Protect the backs of your hands. Many people who work outside with their hands forget to do this.
Protect your lips- use a lip balm with an SPF.

Look carefully for these tell tale signs.
You may have a cancerous lesion.

Self examine your body every 6 months. Get someone to check out areas that are difficult for you to see yourself. Look for any growths that have changed in shape, color or size and anything that bleeds or is itchy.
Go to a dermatologist to be checked yearly or more often if at high risk.
Avoid the sun between 10am and 4 pm which is the hottest time of the day.
Wear sun glasses to protect eyes from UV rays.

The dangers of tanning beds:-

The risk of developing melanoma is 75% greater for people who used tanning beds in their teens.These machines are extremely dangerous because they emit UV rays which are less likely to burn, but penetrate deeply. You get the damage without realizing it. No one under the age of 18 is permitted to use a tanning bed in the majority of states in the US without permission from a parent or guardian. Pending legislation is underway to mandate all tanning salons to post skin cancer warnings on their sun beds.

New Jersey Mom arrested
for child endangerment after
she allegedly took her 5 year old
child into a tanning booth.

Tanning addiction

Tanning addiction like any other addiction is real. People addicted to tanning beds are often also addicted to drugs and alcohol as well as being prone to anxiety. They seek out tanning beds to make themselves feel better.

Teens are anxious to be tanned for prom night and lazy days socializing on the beach and at the pool. Unfortunately teens and young adults often think that they are invincible and immortal.

Brief and intense tanning increases ones chances of getting melanoma. Even one serious burn in childhood can increase the DNA damage which may lead to skin cancer.

Products that increase sun sensitivity:

There are many products that increase sensitivity to the sun making the skin vulnerable.These are a few of them.

Alpha hydroxy acid used for skin exfoliation.

Use a sun screen of at least SPF 30
or higher. Reapply every 2 - 3 hours
even if it says" water and sweat resistant".
Lactic Acid- a form of alpha hydroxy acid.
Licorice extract- a form of alpha hydroxy acid.
Chemical skin peelings and dermabrasion.
Pigment creams and skin lighteners.
Kojic acid- chemical to lighten and bleach the skin.
Accutane used to treat acne.
Benzoyl peroxide creams used in preparations to treat acne.
Salicylic acid- used in peeling and in acne preparations This is a beta hydroxy acid.
Retinol- vitamin A used for anti aging makes skin more susceptible to sun exposure.
Vitamin C- used effectively as an antioxidant for skin aging.

Most of these products are excellent for the treatment of aging, sun damaged, pigmented and acne prone skins but they do make the skin more susceptible to the sun. Vigilant sun precaution is needed to prevent UV damage. If you are unable to stay out of the sun, perhaps discontinue their use until the winter.

Drugs that can cause sun sensitivity:

Antibiotics
anti depressants
birth control pills
Hormones

Does skin color make a difference?

Cells in the epidermis called the melanocytes produce melanin. Melanin is the pigment that determines our eye and skin color. The more pigment produced, the darker the skin tone.

Melanin helps to protect the skin from the effects of the sun. It is the damage to the skin cells that starts this process. The cells release chemicals alerting the body of trauma and these chemicals then cause melancocytes to produce more melanin. Hence the more exposure to the sun, the darker the skin will become.
Caucasians are the primary victims of skin cancer but people from all ethnic groups may develop skin cancer.

Risk factors for developing skin cancer:-

Fair skin that burns easily.
Blond and red haired individuals.
Blue, green or grey eyed people.
Excessive sun exposure during the childhood and teenage years.
Family history of skin cancer.
People who have numerous moles.

Skin Ageing
External factors such as exposure to the sun along with internal factors (genetics) are responsible for the way our skin ages. Most premature aging is caused by sun exposure. Just minutes of exposure a day added up over the years can cause changes to the skin. UV exposure damages the collagen and elastin fibres in the skin. The skin is unable to repair itself resulting in loose, wrinkled and damaged skin.

Some changes seen in the skin due to sun damage are:-

Rough and leathery skin:- UV exposure can cause the skin both to thicken and thin.Thickened skin resulting in deep coarse wrinkles.
Fine lines and wrinkles:-thinning of the skin causing fine wrinkles, bruising and skin tearing in skin layers.
Spider veins on the nose and cheeks:- damage to the tiny blood vessels.
Pigmentation:- external factors as well as hormonal changes.
Freckles:- a freckle is caused by an uneven distribution of melanin in the skin.
Age spots:- are a type of freckle and not age related but sun damage related. By age 60, 90% of people will have age spots.
White spots:- often seen on the legs- caused when the melanocyte is destroyed.
Seborrheic Keratosis-(raised, brownish, wart like crusty lesions)- benign. There are other lesions that may be pre malignant. Your dermatologist can advise you.

Vitamin D
Despite the importance of the sun for vitamin D synthesis, UV radiation is a known carcinogen and exposure should be limited. Vitamin D has many important roles vital to good health (covered in a future blog), but is naturally present in very few foods. Natural vitamin D can be found in the flesh of fatty fish such as salmon,mackerel and tuna as well as in beef liver, cheese and egg yolks. Many foods in the US are fortified with vitamin D such as milk, orange juice, yogurt, margarine, baby formula and cereals. The recommended daily allowance is 600 IU (15mcg) for both men and women - ages 1 year to 70 years.
Vitamin D like anything, should be taken in moderation. Consult with your doctor or child's pediatrician prior to taking any supplements or administering them to a child.

Tip of the day:

Take care of your skin. Prevention is better than cure. The damage you do to your skin at 20, will determine what you will look like at 40. More than 80% of skin aging in adults are the results of tanning prior to age 18.

The only "safe tan" is a "fake tan". Get a professional spray tan prior to a special event or experiment with the numerous brands of self tanners now available.

Get sufficient vitamin D daily.

Have a peaceful and relaxing summer.
Stay happy, healthy and safe.

*Remember to consult with your doctor prior to using any medication or supplements.

All content provided on this blog is for informational purposes only. The owner of this blog makes no representations as to the accuracy or completeness of any information on this site or found by following any link on this site. The owner will not be liable for any errors or omissions in this information nor for the availability of this information. The owner will not be liable for any losses, injuries, or damages from the display or use of this information.

This policy is subject to change at any time.

Wednesday, May 2, 2012

STD's

April is STD awareness month. Today's health and beauty buzz is on sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). We tell our kids not to drink and drive, not to text and drive, not to drive and chat on their phones, but we also need to tell them not to have unprotected sex. According to the American Social Health organization, one out of four teens becomes infected each year with an STD. 19 million people are thought to be infected with an STD every year. Almost half of new infections are amongst people ages 15 to 24 years of age. There are more than 20 types of STDs
Some STDs cause symptoms and others do not. STDs can cause serious health problems later in life such as cancer as well as infertility.

Most STDs affect both men and women but in most cases, the health problems can be more severe for women. An STD in a pregnant women can cause serious harm to the baby.

Types of STDs:-

These are amongst the most common of the STDs

Genital herpes: Genital herpes is the most common viral infection. It is caused by the herpes simplex virus. One in 6 people are infected with herpes. Symptoms may include blisters, sores, ulcers and pain urinating. For the most part, there are usually no symptoms. Once you get herpes there is no cure and it is easily transmitted. Genital herpes increases HIV risk.
The HPV virus- The human papilloma virus is a very common type of STD. Most people have no symptoms, although some may develop warts in the genital region. HPV can lead to cervical, vaginal, anal, penile and oral cancer. HPV usually clears on it's own and is tested for during a pap smear. The HPV vaccine, Gardasil is available and given in a series of 3 shots over 6 months. It is recommended for girls ages 9 through 26. It should ideally be given before girls become sexually active.
Chlamydia- This is the most common bacterial infection in the United States. Symptoms may include pain whilst urinating, discharge from the vagina and penis. Women may have abdominal pain. Most people have no symptoms. Chlamydia can cause PID (pelvic inflammatory disease). This can affect the ability to fall pregnant and increase the risk of getting HIV. Chlamydia is treated with antibiotics. Both partners need to be treated.
Gonorrhea-Gonorrhea is the 2nd most common bacteria infection. Gonorrhea symptoms are the same as for Chlamydia and most people will show no symptoms at all. Untreated infection can damage joints, heart and the brain. Gonorrhea increases your risk of contracting HIV. Gonorrhea is treated with antibiotics and both partners need to be treated.
Trichomonas-Trichomonas is a very common infection caused by a parasite. Symptoms may include itching, discharge, pain urinating and pain during sex. In most cases there are no symptoms. Antibiotics are given to treat trichomonas and need to be taken by both partners.
HIV/Aids- HIV is a virus which destroys the immune system reducing your ability to fight infection. If untreated will develop into Aids which is fatal. HIV is contracted through sex and contact with infected blood. Drug users are at high risk from contracting HIV from needles. Anal sex is extremely risky and oral sex is thought to be unsafe. Symptoms include flu like symptoms such as fever and aches as well as fatigue. Treatments include antiretroviral drugs for HIV.
Syphilis- This is a bacterial infection contracted through contact with sores or infected areas in the genitals, near the genitals or in the mouth. Syphilis can be contracted through oral and anal sex and contact with the infected skin. Symptoms include a sore and then later flu like symptoms and a rash. Treatment with antibiotics for both partners is essential. Untreated syphilis will result in brain and heart damage, blindness and death.
Hepatitis B- This is a serious viral infection which affects the liver. It is transmitted through blood, saliva and body fluids. It can also be transmitted through anal and oral sex. Symptoms may include nausea, yellow skin and eyes, weakness and loss of appetite. Hepatitis B is treatable, but the medication is very expensive and not always successful in all cases. The hepatitis B vaccine is very effective and highly recommended.
Hepatitis C- (HCV) is a serious viral infection affecting the liver. 85% of infected people will fail to eliminate the virus and will become chronically infected. Hepatitis C is contracted through blood, saliva and body fluids. Most common transmission is through blood. Untreated Hepatitis C may lead to liver cancer or liver damage requiring a liver transplant. It is the same family of viruses that cause yellow and dengue fever. There is no vaccine for Hepatitis C.

All STDs are spread during vaginal, oral and anal sex as well as genital touching.
Having an STD puts you at greater risk for contracting HIV. STDs often have no symptoms. 80% of infected people do not even know that they are infected.

There is no one test for all STDs.
Tests may include

Pelvic and physical exam.
Blood sample.
Urine sample.
Fluid or tissue sample.

                                                              Prevention of STDs
                                                              1. Being monogamous.
                                                              2. Abstinence.
                                                              3. Using condoms from start to finish.
                                                              4. Avoid using drugs.

Research on the treatment as well as prevention of STDs is a health priority. One study is testing a herpes vaccine for women. Topical microbicides could play a major role in protecting women, but so far they have been difficult to design. They are gels or creams that would be put into the vagina to kill the STD before it could infect. Scientists are developing new antibiotics to treat drug resistant infections which are becoming more prevalent.

*Do not self diagnose. Visit your doctor immediately if you think you maybe infected.

Stay healthy, happy and safe.

This policy is subject to change at any time.

Tuesday, April 24, 2012

Eye Care

I recently had a request to blog about eye health. Today’s health and beauty buzz is on taking care of your eyes.

We have all heard the sayings “If looks could kill” and “the eyes are the window to the soul”. The eye is the window through which we view the world. It is the most sensitive and delicate organ that we possess. Other than the brain, the eyes are also the most complex. Looking someone straight in the eye may or may not reveal their honesty, but it can often give an indication of their overall health. Medical problems such as diabetes, high cholesterol, liver disease, high blood pressure, thyroid disease, heart disease and signs of stroke may be diagnosed through an eye examination.

How often do we need an eye exam:-

Most doctors will recommend a yearly eye exam. In some cases, eye exams may be more frequently performed than annually if there are conditions that warrant it.

Adults with no family history of eye disease and who have good vision should have their eyes checked every 2 or 3 years until age 40.

At age 40, early signs of disease may sometimes be detected and changes in eye site may occur. If you are healthy and have no family history of eye disease, eye exams are recommended every 18 months up to age 60, irrespective if glasses are worn or not. Contact lens users should have annual exams.

At around age 60, yearly exams are recommended.

What happens during an eye exam:-

An eye exam should take round 30 to 60 minutes.

The test chart- you are asked to read a wall chart of varying sized letters ranging from largest to smallest to check vision.
Pressure inside of your eye will be measured. A puff of air is directed into the eye and the pressure is measured by the eye’s resistance to the air. This gives the optician valuable information about the health of your eye.

·An autorefractor is used to examine how the eye processes light. This is used to determine prescription along with other tests.
The retinoscope is used to also determine final prescription. It is used to observe how the eye processes a beam of light.
The retina at the back of the eye is examined. This determines the condition of blood vessels and the head of the optic nerve. Underlying diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure and macular degeneration may be diagnosed using this test.
Fixation test is done to determine whether your eyes are working well together.
The outer surface of the eye is checked for scratches and abnormalities which is particularly import for contact lens users.
The visual field is tested to find any blind spots.
Ability to focus on both close up and distant objects is tested.
Pupil dilation is done to examine the eyes internal structures. Drops are put into the eye which take 20 to 30 minutes to work. Eyes will be sensitive to light and vision blurred. The effect can take some time to wear off so make sure you have someone to drive you home if you are undergoing this test and bring sunglasses with you. Patients at high risk for disease should undergo dilation as it allows for the most thorough evaluation of the health of the inside of the eye.

Eye problems:

Floaters-These appear as specks and they move as your eye moves and disappear as you try to look at them directly. These are often the result of injury, aging or eye disease. They are usually not harmful, but an eye specialist should be consulted.
Reading glasses are needed when small print becomes blurry, but there is no problem seeing distant objects. This is a normal condition related to age. Your optometrist should advise you as to whether you need prescription glasses or if over the counter glasses will suffice.
Diabetes-High glucose levels can weaken and damage the tiny blood vessels next to the retina. If you are diabetic, regular eye exams are required as recommended by your doctor.
Macular degeneration-: The macular is located at the back of the eye. It enables us to see fine detail and color. Sometimes abnormal deposits are deposited under the retina making it uneven. Over time the retinal cells degenerate and die causing site loss. There are 2 types of macular degeneration. Treatments may include an injection directly into the eye to decrease leakage from the blood vessels, intravenous injections activated by using special laser light and different types of laser surgeries.
Dry eye is a common condition caused by the evaporation of tears. Dry eye is a irritating, itchy, burning and gritty feeling in the eye. It is usually treated with over the counter lubricating drops or ointments.
Glaucoma is when the optic nerve is damaged. There are 4 types of glaucoma. 5 % of people over 65 are affected with glaucoma and risk increases with age. If left untreated, it will result in blindness. Glaucoma often has no symptoms and although damage done by glaucoma cannot be repaired, with early diagnosis it can be kept to a minimum. People with a family history should notify their optometrist and undergo regular testing. Testing is done by putting yellow eye drops into the eye- This is not pupil dilation. It is numbing agent with a yellow dye that glows under a blue light. The doctor will touch the surface of your eye with a meter to measure your eye pressure.
Retinoblastoma is a rare form of eye cancer which affects children under 5 years of age. It is treatable but must be treated quickly. Some signs to watch out for include a white reflection in the pupil, squinting where one eye looks in or out, change in color of the iris, absence of red eye in photo’s where one eye has it and the other does not and deterioration in vision. All the above can be symptoms of other conditions, so a doctor’s opinion should be immediately sort.
Night blindness is poor vision when it is dark or experienced when moving from a brightly lit area to an area with dim light. People with night blindness find it difficult to drive at night. This may be caused from poor nutrition, cataracts or problems with the retina. I have suffered from night blindness since childhood but it is not related to any of the above.
Astigmatism occurs when the cornea is not spherical in shape. This is not noticeable by looking at a person and can be easily corrected with prescriptive lenses.
Cataracts are the clouding of the lens of the eye and can occur in one or both eyes. Vision is blurred, bright lights are unusually blinding, double vision and changes in color vision may occur.
Conjunctivitis or “pink eye” is inflammation of the thin layer that covers the white of the eye. It may occur in one or both eyes. The eyes are red and there is discharge from the eye. It is highly contagious and should be treated immediately. There are over the counter medications obtainable from your pharmacy or in severe cases, a prescription might be required.
Myopia/short sightedness or near sightedness. This is clear vision when looking at items close to you but difficulty in seeing items in the distance. It is easily corrected with prescription lenses which should be worn whilst driving.
Presbyopia is when the eye progressively fails to focus on objects that are near to you. It is a natural and gradual process of ageing. This is caused by deterioration of the elasticity of the lens. This is corrected with prescription lenses, bi focal, trifocals or glasses specifically for reading and different glasses if required for long distance vision.

Take care of your eyes:

1. Wear protective eye wear when working with chemicals or toxic substances.
2. Wear goggles when there is a chance dust or dirt particles may enter your eyes such as when mowing the lawn or using a leaf blower.
3. Wear UV protective sunglasses when outdoors and whilst driving. Rays reflect off snow, sand and water. UV light is responsible for cataracts and macular degeneration.
4. Eat a healthy diet with plenty of fruit and vegetables especially ones containing beta carotene.
5. Do not wear contact lenses for prolonged periods. Change them when scheduled to, keep them clean and disinfect well after removal.
6. Don't rub or scrub at your eyes.
7. Remove all eye make up thoroughly before bedtime. Change your mascara every 3 months, use eye pencils you can sharpen as opposed to the self sharpening kind as this will help to disinfect them and never ever share eye makeup products with anyone. Do not use department store testers on or near your eyes.
8. Don't wipe your eyes with communal towels in the bathroom. Use clean paper towel which can be discarded.
9. Rest your eyes. Eye strain from reading,working on the computer, constant use of the iPhone or it's equivalent, sewing or work that requires extreme eye concentration can make the muscles around the eye tired. Close your eyes periodically to rest them for awhile.

Interesting eye facts

The average person blinks 12 times a minute.

Sailors once thought that wearing a gold earring would improve their eyesight!

Something fun- What does your eye color say about you?

No two people have the exact same eye color- The eyes show anger, fear, love, sadness and many other emotions so perhaps they are “windows through which others see us.”

There are basically 3 eye colors- Brown, blue and green. Other colors such as grey, violet and hazel are variants due to the different ratio of pigments in the iris.

Black-black is a mysterious and absolute color. Black eyes indicate a deeply intuitive, secretive and sensual person.
Blue- blue eyes indicate a forceful and direct person who has vitality and a gift for incite and observation. Blue eyes are the most desirable color and are becoming rare due to the recessive gene.
Brown- brown eyes indicate a strong and independent person who feels a deep connection to nature and the earth.
Grey- grey eyes indicate a subtle and sensitive person, flexible and attuned to the unseen.
Green- green eyes indicate a youthful- seeming and compassionate person, immensely creative and energetic with the gift of healing. True green eyes are the rarest eye color.
Hazel- hazel is a mixture of brown and green and indicates a combination of inner strength and independence with the healing qualities of green.
Violet- violet eyes indicate a refined and noble person who is a natural leader and seeker of truth.

Some studies suggest that vitamin C from supplements help prevent cataracts if taken long term (10 years or more). Shorter than 10 years, showed no benefits- Dose used in the study was 150 to 250 mg per day.

Keep healthy, happy and safe.

*Do not take any medications including supplements without first consulting your doctor. Do not self diagnose any medical condition.

This policy is subject to change at any time.

Wednesday, April 11, 2012

Money money money

Today's health and beauty buzz is on money and the impact it has on our health and well being. The latest mega millions lotto reached the record breaking amount of 656 million dollars. It was won by 3 Marylanders. Alas, although I am a Marylander, I am sorry to say that I was not a winner.

Money and marriage:

Money or the lack thereof often creates friction in relationships being the top reason for divorce. The best way to avoid disagreements as far as money is concerned is to live within or below one’s means. Research has shown that couples who accumulate assets are 70% less likely to divorce than those whom have accumulated nothing. You are 45% more likely to get divorced if you perceive your spouse to be a foolish spender. This applies to both men and women.
Have your own money. Just because you are married, it does not mean that you have to give up being your own person. You each want different things and this is what may have attracted you to each other in the first place. Having to ask your spouse’s permission in order to do or purchase something is not romantic or healthy. The relationship begins to feel parental and controlling instead of being a partnership.
Don’t try to keep up with the Jones’s. When one spouse is viewed by the other as being materialistic this is often a huge bone of contention. Remember that the Jones’s are probably in debt up to their eyeballs.
Struggling to pay your mortgage and keep food on your table is no one’s idea of a stress free and happy life.
High credit card debt has reportedly been a major cause of driving couples towards divorce. Discuss and agree upon any major purchases you may make over a pre determined amount.

115 million Americans carry credit card debt of at least $10,000.00.

Good and bad debt- Know the difference.

Good debt is your home, car and college education.
College debt has surpassed credit card debt in the USA and is currently estimated at 1 Trillion dollars. I don't need any reminding of this fact with both my kids presently in college.
Bad debt is your high interest rate credit cards.

Money and friends:-

Never lend money to friends or family. Lending friends or family money creates bones of contention often alienating you from each other for years or even a life time. Scrutinizing and judging on how “your money” is being spent leads to ill feelings and resentment.

Borrowing money is the easiest way to lose friends or relatives. You may feel uncomfortable, guilty and obligated.

If you have the money and are willing to part with it to assist a loved one or close friend, give it to them. Allow the money to be used as they best see fit without interference and no strings attached. This should be a gift not a loan and should not be mentioned again.

Every family has their own way of money management. You must agree between you which works best for your family. In my family, I am the one who opens all the bills, pays all the bills as well as being the money tracker. This may not work well for all couples as the burden of budgeting and financial responsibility can be stressful. It works well for us.

Having 3 bank accounts is a good idea. Combine incomes if both partners work and open a joint account from which mutually shared expenses are paid such as mortgage payments, taxes, college tuition payments, car payments and everything associated with the general running of the home. Obviously one spouse will be contributing more than the other based upon income. Distribute left over money (if you are fortunate to have any) equally between you once your bills have been met and savings set aside. This is your “fun money” to spend or save as you choose without interference from your spouse. There can be no arguments if you wish to spend it on 6 new pairs of shoes!

Set aside a pre agreed time to discuss money matters if the need arises. Try not to discuss whilst angrily paying the bills.

Most of us would love to be independently wealthy and day dream about what we would do with our fortunes. Remember that there will always be someone worse off as well as better off than you.

As said by the Beetles - “I don’t care much for money, because money can’t buy me love”.

Benjamin Franklyn- “Money never made a man happy yet, nor will it. The more a man has, the more he wants. Instead of filling a vacuum, it makes one.”

My philosophy - “If you marry for money, you will end up paying for it.” I would rather be with a generous poor man than with a rich stingy one.

Stay happy, healthy and safe.

All content provided on this blog is for informational purposes only. The owner of this blog makes no representations as to the accuracy or completeness of any information on this site or found by following any link on this site. The owner will not be liable for any errors or omissions in this information nor for the availability of this information. The owner will not be liable for any losses, injuries, or damages from the display or use of this information.

This policy is subject to change at any time.

Friday, April 6, 2012

Allergies

Spring has sprung! Today’s health and beauty buzz is on allergies. This past winter has been the 4^th mildest winter on record in the U.S. (I am certainly not complaining). Allergies are worse this year than ever before according to some allergy suffers. Allergy season has begun earlier due to the unseasonably warm weather and trees are producing pollen at a greater rate than usual. Pollen counts have reached a record high. 45 million Americans suffer from allergies each year making it the 5^th leading chronic disease in the U.S. Allergies can develop at any age. Children with one parent who suffers from allergies are 30% likely to develop allergies. If both parents are allergy suffers, then the likelihood is 70%.

Why do we get allergies?

Many different things cause allergies. Allergies occur when the immune system mistakenly identifies certain things such as “pollen” as being dangerous.

Our immune system is composed of white blood cells. Our white blood cells work by identifying threats to the body and then eliminating them. An immune system which is healthy knows not to attack the body and certain things like healthy bacteria and proteins that we get from our food.

Allergic reactions such as in seasonal allergies occur when the white blood cells have identified the pollen as being “dangerous”. The white blood cells release other substances to alert the rest of the body to do what it can to “terminate the invader”. One of these substances is histamine. It is the histamine which floods to the nasal passages that is responsible for the itching, swelling and development of mucus.

Treatment of allergies

Allergies should be treated if severe as non treatment can lead to sinus and inner ear infections as well as worsening symptoms in asthmatics. The trick is to medicate before the symptoms occur.

First course of treatment is over the counter allergy medication obtained at your pharmacy. These antihistamines work by blocking the release of histamines by the white blood cells. These need to be taken on a regular basis as they work better that way. They are best taken at night before bed. They are not terribly effective once the body’s histamines have already been triggered. Antihistamines are not localized and go into the blood stream causing side effects such as drowsiness. There are many antihistamines on the market and some work better than others. If you have no luck with one, try a different brand that may work better for you with fewer side effects.
Nasal sprays obtained with a doctor’s script which contain steroids are frequently used to treat seasonal allergies. These steroids go directly into the nasal passages and are localized and not absorbed into the blood stream. They are safe and more effective than antihistamines.
Allergy shots are another option for severe allergy suffers. These are given only once the culprit has been identified by scratch and blood tests performed on you by an allergist. They work by exposing the body to small amounts of the allergen and slowly increasing the dose. The hope is that the body will then begin to ignore it. They are given over the course of several years taking about 3 years to be fully effective. Sometimes allergy shots do not work for all allergies.

Contrary to popular belief, eating honey on a daily basis from a local source does not build up immunity against allergies. This is a myth. There is no such thing as a cure for allergies, except perhaps a “new immune system”. I kid you not. My husband who suffered terribly from seasonal allergies for many years has not been bothered by them since his stem cell transplants and “new immune system!”

Symptoms of allergies- non life threatening

Itchy, swollen and watery eyes are classic allergy symptoms.

Runny nose and congestion of nasal passages and sinuses.

Dry, scratchy throat as well as a sore throat.

Ear pain.

If in doubt as to whether you are suffering from a cold or allergies, there are no fever or chills associated with seasonal allergies. Allergies also last a lot longer than 7 days.

Symptoms of life threatening allergies

Allergies can be extremely serious and should not be taken lightly. Hives (red itchy spots over the body) are often the first sign of allergy. This alone is not indicative of a life threatening allergic reaction.
Trouble breathing especially shortness of breath and wheezing.
Abdominal pain and vomiting.
Sudden and unexplained drop in blood pressure.

Different kinds of allergies

· The most common allergies are the airborne allergies associated with pollen from trees and grasses.

· Mold and mildew spores. Mold flourishes in damp, dark and wet places. The spores released into the air are inhaled and can cause an allergic reaction in many people especially asthmatics.
· Dust and dust mites. Many people are allergic to dust and dust mites. Use a face mask when dusting and vacuuming as well as a vacuum that has a hepa filter. Protective covers for pillows and mattresses may also help.

More serious allergies which may result in death if left untreated are:-

· Insect bites and stings usually from bees.

· Food allergies particularly shell fish, peanuts and eggs.

· Latex allergies- Widely used in hospitals and doctor’s offices. Your doctor/dentist should always check with you before an examination. Many doctors use latex free gloves now as a matter of course.

· Medications- Many people are allergic to certain antibiotics and other drugs. Make sure you update all your medical records with any allergy information.

People who suffer from life threatening allergies should wear a bracelet to identify the condition as well as having an epi pen within easy reach at all times. Make sure you or your child knows how to use it.

Tips for lessening severity of seasonal allergies

Check the pollen count.
If the count is high, limit outdoor activities.
Pollen counts are higher in the morning so limit outside work to the afternoons and evenings.
Wear sunglasses.
Keep the windows in your house and car closed.
Install a home hepa filter so your air-conditioned/heated air is cleaner.
Shower immediately you come indoors and wash your hair and clothing so that pollen is not transferred to the sofa and bed.
Wash your bedding frequently and obviously no washing should be dried outside.
Use a hepa vacuum filter.
Try a humidifier.

Butter Bur is said to help relieve itchy eyes and a runny nose without causing drowsiness by decreasing inflammation. Take 1 tablet 2 times a day.
There is increasing evidence that vitamin D might reduce inflammation in the nasal passages. 600 IU of vitamin D a day might help.
Probiotics can restore gut bacteria to a healthy balance, minimizing overreactions in the immune system that can lead to allergy symptoms. Taking a supplement with 3 to 5 billion CFUs daily could be beneficial.
The Mediterranean diet of fruits, vegetables and nuts have been shown to protect against symptoms as have foods high in vitamin C(citrus, broccoli, kale) and folate(turkey, chicken, lentils,spinach).
There are also foods to avoid. Some allergy sufferers also experience" Oral Allergies" which is a tingly itchy feeling on the lips, tongue and throat after eating certain raw foods. It can be uncomfortable. If you are allergic to tree pollen, you maybe sensitive to carrots, cherries, peaches, plums, almonds and walnuts. If you are allergic to ragweed, you might react to melons, bananas, strawberries and cucumbers.
Avoid alcohol. The bacteria and yeast it contains produce histamines which can worsen allergy symptoms.

Wishing you all a healthy, happy and safe Easter.

*Remember to discuss the use of any medication use including vitamins, herbal supplements and over the counter drugs with your physician prior to use.

This policy is subject to change at any time.

Wednesday, March 28, 2012

UTI's

Today’s health and beauty buzz is on urinary tract infections (UTI’s). I have yet to meet a woman who has not felt the pain and discomfort of a UTI. UTI’s are the second most common infection of the body and in the U.S. account for 8.1 million visits per year to health care providers.

The bladder, the kidneys and the tubes connecting them are all part of the urinary tract system. The urinary tract system makes urine and carries it out of the body. The urine travels from the kidneys down 2 narrow tubes and is stored in the bladder. It is then emptied out through a tube at the bottom of the bladder. This tube is called the urethra.

What is a UTI?

Any part of the urinary tract system can become infected. Most UTI’s occur in the bladder and are not serious if treated right away. If they are not treated correctly the infection can spread to the kidneys. This is serious and can cause permanent damage.

Causes of UTI’s

Most UTI’s are caused by e coli. This is a bacteria that lives in the bowel. E coli are 80% responsible for causing UTI’s. There are many other bacteria along with fungi and parasites which also cause UTI’s but occurrence from these are much less frequent. The bacteria from your stool gets inside the urethra, travels up to the bladder and causes infection. Bladder infections are also known as cystitis.
Sexually transmitted diseases can cause infection of the urethra but generally not of the bladder.
Lack of estrogen in menopausal women. Levels of estrogen which helps prevent recurrent UTI’s as well as levels of “good bacteria” found in the vagina which prevents the growth of bad bacteria, drop during and after menopause.
Catheters- Prolonged use of catheters are a common source of bacterial infections.
Sex may move bacteria into the urinary tract especially in women.
Bacteria in the blood or lymph system can cause bladder and kidney infections.
Kidney stones and enlarged prostrate can cause UTI’s in men.
Birth control spermicidal foams and diaphragms.
Diabetes or suppressed immune systems.

Who is affected by UTI’S?

Men, women, children, the elderly and even infants can be affected by UTI’s.

Women are at much higher risk than men for contracting a UTI. UTI’s are most common in young to middle aged women because:-

The rectum is closer to the urethra in women than in men and so bacteria from the stool can easily be introduced.
The urethra is shorter in women and this allows bacteria to reach the bladder more easily.
Sex can push bacteria into the urethra.
The fluid produced by a man’s prostate gland helps to kill bacteria in his urinary tract.

Symptoms and Diagnosis of a UTI

Pain whilst urinating and a strong urge to urinate whilst only passing small amounts.
Cloudy, bad or strong smelling urine or blood in urine.
Pelvic and abdominal pain in women and rectal pain in men.

Kidney infection symptoms include fever, chills and shaking, pain in the back and side, nausea and vomiting.

Many people go undiagnosed as UTI’s don’t necessarily cause symptoms. Go immediately to your doctor if you have any symptoms of a UTI.

A urine specimen will be sent to the lab to see if there is any pus, red blood cells or bacteria present. This is usually the first course of action.

A urine culture is sometimes done to determine what kind of bacteria is causing the infection. The lab uses the urine sample to grow bacteria to see which medications are best for treatment.

A cystoscopy may be called for if recurrent infections occur. This is a thin tube with a scope and is placed into the urethra in order to see into the bladder.

A CT scan may be done if an abnormality of the urinary tract is suspected.

Another test involves a dye being injected into the vein in your arm. X-rays are then taken of the urinary tract. The dye highlights the bladder so abnormalities can be detected.

Treatment of a UTI

Antibiotics are the most common method of treatment. Type and duration will depend on the type and severity of infection. Usually the infection clears in a few days but it is vitally important to complete the entire course of antibiotics.
For menopausal women, a vaginal estrogen cream maybe prescribed.
Pain killers.
Sometimes a single dose antibiotic/antimicrobial pill is recommended to be taken immediately after intercourse.
Drink lots of fluid to flush the kidneys.

Prevention of UTI’s

Drink lots of water and cranberry juice. Cranberry is thought to line the walls of the bladder to prevent harmful bacteria growth. Drinking water dilutes the urine so that you will urinate more frequently thus flushing the bacteria.
Urinate as soon as you feel the urge.
Probiotics are thought to be helpful in promoting the formation of good bacteria.
1000mg a day of a cranberry supplement.
Wipe from front to back after both urination and a bowel movement. This will help prevent the bacteria from the rectum being introduced into the urethra and into the vagina.
A recent study has shown that the introduction of a probiotic vaginal suppository “Lactin-V” from “Osel Inc” has proved beneficial in decreasing recurrent UTI’s by 50%. Phase 1 of the study showed minimal side effects.
Avoid the use of feminine products such as douches and deodorants. This can upset the pH balance and cause irritation.
Vitamin C may increase the acidity in the urine making it more difficult for bacteria to thrive. Take up to 1000mg per day.
Urinating as well as washing prior to sex and immediately afterwards may decrease the risk of UTI’s. Your partner should also practice good personal hygiene. Women who's partners are circumcised seem to suffer less from UTI's.
Wear panties with a cotton crotch to allow skin to breathe and moisture to escape. Avoid thongs.

Tips for collecting a mid stream urine sample

Often you are requested to produce a urine sample and are not given specific instructions. Poor specimens can alter test results.

1. Wash your hands well. Write your name on container if it is not pre labeled. Open the container and place the lid down with the inner surface facing up.

2. Wipe the entire vaginal/rectum area well with medicated wipes. These should be provided in your doctor’s bathroom. Wipe from front to back.

3. Hold the vagina apart and begin to urinate. After a few seconds, place the container in the stream without stopping the flow. Do not allow the container to touch the genitals. Collect about 60 ml or 2 fl oz. Finish urinating into the toilet. This is a mid stream sample and most accurate for testing.

4. Don’t get toilet paper, menstrual blood or feces into the sample. If you are menstruating, make sure you let the physician know as this will affect your test results.

5. Replace the lid and hand sample to the nurse.

Stay healthy, happy and safe.

Consult with your physician before taking any medications including supplements/vitamins and do not self diagnose.

This policy is subject to change at any time.